Fed Proposes New Interest Rate and Fee Rule
The Federal Reserve yesterday announced that it has issued a new proposed rule amending Regulation Z to change regulations regarding late payments and penalty fees charged by credit card issuers and to require card issuers to reconsider increases in interest rates. The new rule comes on the heels of the recent effective date of Regulation Z amendments implementing the Credit CARD Act.
Among other things, the proposed rule announced yesterday would:
- Prohibit credit card issuers from charging penalty fees (including late payment fees and fees for exceeding the credit limit) that exceed the dollar amount associated with the consumer's violation of the account terms. For example, card issuers would no longer be permitted to charge a $39 fee when a consumer is late making a $20 minimum payment. Instead, the fee could not exceed $20.
- Ban inactivity fees, such as fees based on the consumer's failure to use the account to make new purchases.
- Prevent issuers from charging multiple penalty fees based on a single late payment or other violation of the account terms.
- Require credit card issuers to inform consumers of the reasons for increases in rates.
- Require issuers that have increased rates since January 1, 2009 to evaluate whether the reasons for the increase have changed and, if appropriate, to reduce the rate.
The 30-day comment period for the proposed rule will begin when the proposed rule is published in the Federal Register.
Rules Implementing the Credit CARD Act Effective Today
Among other things, the final rules will:
- limit the application of increased rates to existing credit card balances.
- require credit card issuers to consider a consumer’s ability to make the required payments.
- establish special requirements for extensions of credit to consumers who are under the age of 21.
- limit the assessment of fees for exceeding the credit limit on a credit card account.
Last week, the Federal Reserve announced a Credit Card website to help consumers better understand the credit card rules that take effect today. Two interactive features on the site enable consumers to learn more about credit-card offers’ terms and fees and about the new features on monthly statements. The Fed has also posted a summary of the rule changes for consumers.
Surveying Developments in Consumer Finance Regulation
A number of significant legislative changes occurred in 2009 related to consumer finance regulation.
The most significant potential change—the Consumer Financial Protection Agency Act—is still in flux as it moves through the U.S. Senate. However, the version of the CFPA passed by the U.S. House contains several provisions of which every practitioner should be aware. New regulations governing credit card products and overdraft fees will also significantly impact consumer finance practice.
See a summary of recent developments in consumer finance regulation.
Fed Issues Final Credit Card Rule
The Federal Reserve has issued its final rules amending Regulation Z, which implements the Truth in Lending Act, pursuant to the Credit CARD Act of 2009. Previous legislative efforts to expedite the effective date of the CARD Act resulted in no changes.
Among other things, the final rule, effective February 22, 2010, will:
• limit the application of increased rates to existing credit card balances;
• require credit card issuers to consider a consumer’s ability to make the required payments;
• establish special requirements for extensions of credit to consumers who are under the age of 21; and
• limit the assessment of fees for exceeding the credit limit on a credit card account.
The Fed has posted a summary of the rule changes for consumers.
Revised RESPA Mortgage Disclosures Take Effect
New regulations promulgated by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development in November 2008 to revise RESPA disclosures took effect on January 1, 2010. Among other things, the new RESPA final rule requires mortgage issuers to use a new HUD-1 settlement statement and a new Good Faith Estimate. To assist compliance, HUD has issued a list of answers to frequently asked questions as well as new instructions for HUD-1 and GFE forms. HUD has also issued a revised settlement booklet to educate consumers about mortgage products and the financial impact of buying a home.
A Closer Look: Arbitration Under House Version of CFPA
The Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2009, H.R. 4173, passed by the U.S. House on December 11, 2009, contains provisions that could have a significant limiting effect on the enforcement of consumer arbitration provisions.
Section 4208 of the Act, entitled "Authority to Restrict Mandatory Predispute Arbitration," gives the Director of the proposed Consumer Financial Protection Agency the power to issue regulations to "prohibit or impose conditions or limitations on" a pre-dispute arbitration provision if the Director "finds that such a prohibition or imposition of conditions or limitations are in the public interest and for the protection of consumers." This provision mirrors the arbitration limiting provisions of the Arbitration Fairness Act, and could effectively prohibit the enforcement of mandatory arbitration provisions in consumer finance agreements.
House Passes Consumer Financial Protection Agency Act
On December 11, 2009, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the “Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2009,” H.R. 4173. This sweeping legislation—a combination of several bills, including a modified version of the Consumer Financial Protection Agency Act, formerly HR 3126—includes broad new regulation of derivatives, executive compensation, systemic risk, investor rights, mortgages, credit-rating agencies, hedge funds and private equity, insurance, and consumer financial protection.
Title IV of the Act (sections 4001 – 4901) provides for the creation of a Consumer Financial Protection Agency (section 4101 – 4703), a new, independent federal agency to oversee virtually every aspect of consumer financial services, including mortgages, credit cards, debit cards, car loans, gift cards, credit reporting agencies, debt collectors, and financial advisers. Certain merchants, such as auto dealers and pawnbrokers, would be exempted.
Continue Reading...Fed Launches Credit Card Education Campaign
As part of an effort to encourage consumer awareness about selecting and using credit card products, the Federal Reserve Board is engaging in a public information campaign designed to educate consumers about the appropriate use of credit cards. The Fed has launched a series of public service announcements, aimed at consumers, to be aired at movie theaters during the 2009 holiday season. The Fed has also launched a website with “Resources and Tools” to assist consumers to choose and to manage credit card accounts, and to inform consumers about the importance of credit ratings.
The Fed’s materials also include a credit card repayment calculator and a Consumer Handbook for Credit Protection Laws, summarizing the credit application process, consumer credit ratings, and consumer rights related to credit card products.
Fed Approves Mortgage Sale Disclosure Rule
On November 16, 2009, the Federal Reserve Board approved an interim final rule amending Regulation Z, 12 CFR 226, establishing a new requirement for notifying consumers of the sale or transfer of their mortgage loans. Specifically, the rule amends Section 131(g) of the Truth in Lending Act (TILA), to implement Section 404(a) of the 2009 Helping Families Save Their Homes Act, and requires a purchaser or assignee that acquires a mortgage loan to provide the required disclosures to the consumer in writing no later than 30 days after the date on which the loan is sold or otherwise transferred or assigned. The new disclosure requirements apply whether the acquisition occurs as a result of a purchase or other transfer or assignment, but a person is covered by the rule only if the person acquires legal title to the debt obligation.
Continue Reading...House Approves Accleration of CARD Act Effective Date
The U.S. House of Representatives yesterday voted 331-92 to pass H.R. 3639, the Expedited CARD Reform for Consumers Act of 2009, which would accelerate the effective date of the Credit CARD Act of 2009.
The provisions of the Credit CARD Act become effective in three stages: the first provisions took effect in August 2009; the remaining provisions take effect in February 2010 and August 2010. The Expedited CARD Act would make all provisions effective immediately on enactment, with the exception of small card issuers with fewer than 2 million cards and gift cards, which would be subject to the February 2010 effective date. The Expedited CARD Act also permits card issuers that adopt a moratorium on interest rate increases on current balances and new balances incurred before February 22, 2010, to be exempt from the earlier effective date for a provision that requires an issuer to apply customer payments to the highest rate balance.
